Remodelling of a bacterial immune system as the simple gene editing tool, Crispr-Cas, for food security and human health

The CRISPR system consists of a guide RNA (gRNA) complementary to target editable DNA sequence and CRISPR-associated endonuclease (Cas). gRNA Cas together form ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. guides the enzyme precise site for cutting DNA. In bacteria, leads viral destruction. This ingenious bacterial immune principle has been used design an organism’s genome at locations gene editing purposes. Gene edits may include deletion or insertion, repression activation, base, epigenome editing, nucleotide replacement. Therefore CRISPR-Cas created potential altering genomes microbes, plants, animals. now developed use in many applications like finding functions genes, searching drug targets, diagnostics, crop improvement, therapy. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(2); 131-145: December 2021